TGFB1 and inflammatory bowel disease: For instance, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is considered an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by chronic inflammation due to a genetic predisposition, intestinal microflora, and environmental factors.86,87 Recently, iguratimod’s role in ameliorating IBD was evaluated in a dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine colitis model by Jiang et al.88 They found that 30 mg·kg−1 iguratimod given by oral gavage significantly lowered IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-17 levels, whereas it increased IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) levels.