Most double infections detected in Calligrapha always involved one of the wCallA STs with either a wCallB or a wCallC strain of Wolbachia. The only exceptions were a single case of double infection inferred between two strains of group wCallA in one individual of C. philadelphica from Pinchot Lake in York County (New York), and an uncertain ST because of the ambiguous resolution of gatB polymorphisms mentioned above and seemingly involving wCallB and wCallC variants, both present in the same population (Table 2). Here, GATB is linked to infection.