Additionally, we also explored the potential mechanisms that may lead to CCL14 downregulation in HCC and found that CCL14 levels can be restored by DNA demethylation agent 5-Aza-CdR and histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-467 (Supplementary Fig. 3), indicating the low level of CCL14 is partially the result of epigenetic regulation. This evidence concerns the gene CCL14 and hepatocellular carcinoma.