VEGFA and neoplasm: When examining VEGF expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in a series of 148 pituitary adenomas (PAs) and six pituitary carcinomas, Lloyd et al. found a decreased expression in PAs compared to the adjacent normal pituitary tissue and an increased expression in pituitary carcinomas compared to PAs, suggesting an up-regulation and a potential role for VEGF in tumor progression and malignant transformation [12].