TNF and Hepatic fibrosis: IL-10 exerts its anti-liver fibrosis effect through the following possible mechanisms of action: (1) TGFβ1 stimulates the production of collagen fibers by HSCs, and IL-10 exerts its anti-fibrosis effect through reducing the expression of TGFβ1 [16]; (2) IL-10 suppresses or down-regulates the expression of TNFα, PDGF-β and COX-2 in liver tissues and, thus, inhibits the activation of HSCs; and (3) IL-10 inhibits the proliferation response in the acute phase of liver injury and further impedes the occurrence and development of liver fibrosis.