CD38 and tuberculosis: Interestingly, the changes found in both the ‘IL6/STAT3’ and ‘IFN/IL6-shared’ pathways during development of TB disease preceded enrichment of the ‘ML ratio’ gene set (Naranbhai et al., 2015) (6 months before diagnosis, p<0.05, Figure 5c, bottom panel and Figure 5d, top panel, gray bar) and reduction of the CD34/CD38 gene markers, in agreement with our in vitro model of Mtb-enhanced CD34+ differentiation (CD34+ → CD34+CD38+ → CD14+).