While IL-6 signaling partially overlaps with type I IFN responses (Figure 5a,b), possibly due to their shared ability to activate STAT1 and STAT3 (Ho and Ivashkiv, 2006), whole blood transcriptomic analyses in TB are predominated by an ‘IFN-inducible neutrophil signature’ (Berry et al., 2010). Here, STAT1 is linked to tuberculosis.