Several independent studies have also indicated a detrimental role of ‘IFN and IFN-induced genes’ during Mtb infection in human TB (Berry et al., 2010; Bustamante et al., 2014; Dos Santos et al., 2018; Novikov et al., 2011; Scriba et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2018) and murine models (Antonelli et al., 2010; Manca et al., 2001). Here, IFNA1 is linked to tuberculosis.