IL10 and colitis: The subsequent proliferation of B. wadsworthia triggers a proinflammatory IFN-γ-producing Th1 cell response and exacerbates colitis in IL-10−/− mice.283 Intriguingly, as a pathway of self-modulation, Th1 cells can also generate IL-10 to convert proinflammatory Th1 cells into T cells with regulatory activity,284 and signals from the microbiome-derived SCFAs potentially manipulate such a Th1 response, which may confer unique opportunities for therapeutic intervention in Th1-driven immune diseases.64