It has been shown that Aβ possesses a synergistic effect on the cytokine-induced activation of microglia.236 Two studies have confirmed that Aβ can induce glial activation in vivo.237,238 The fibrillar conformation of Aβ seems to be crucial for such activation.239 In AD patients, Aβ can bind to microglia cells through the CD36-TLR4-TLR6 receptor complex and the NLRP3 inflammatory complex, destroy cells, release inflammation-inducing factors, such as TNF-α, and cause immune responses. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Alzheimer disease.