In line with these data, more recently, several papers reported that relapse of Philadephia chromosome positive ALL (Ph+ ALL) patients is due to the persistence of leukemia-initiating cells (LICs), a self-renewing CD34+CD38−CD58− population, capable of initiating human leukemia in immune-deficient mice (94–97). Here, CD34 is linked to acute lymphoblastic leukemia.