PKD1 and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: Based on the premise that ADPKD is considered in part a neoplastic condition [40,41], and that various TNF complex components were upregulated in Pkd1-/-mouse embryonic kidney (MEK) cells, the Smac mimic and birinapant analog GT13072 was used to induce TNF-α-dependent cell death in both cultured cells and a rat model of PKD [42].