TGFB1 and cancer: Pathways in cancer signaling pathway maybe one of the most important pathways as it contains a large number of well-known signaling pathways, such as cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, playing essential roles in cell apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, invasion and metastasis with high impact on the development of chemoresistance.