It is well established that PI3K/Akt pathway is closely correlated with cellular survival and cell cycle and particularly regulates the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an important cellular mechanism in embryonic development, tissue repair, organ fibrosis and cancer metastasis, the role of which in chemoresistance to the therapy and progression of PCa has been investigated by previous studies 32. Here, AKT1 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.