CALCA and colitis: Our results demonstrated that A. muciniphila treatment exerted a protective effect against mouse colitis by inhibiting some critical components associated with the inflammatory response, including pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL6, IL12A, INF-γ, and IL1α), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10), and chemokines (MIP-1α, G-CSF, and KC).