TGFB1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Yadav et al. (2011) showed that neutralization of TGF-β with antibodies has protective effects on diabetes and obesity by improving metabolism. We found that HFD causes an increase in TGF-β mRNA content of EAT, compared with the normal diet; in fact, the mRNA level decreased after both administrations in mice.