TGFB1 and neoplasm: Figure 1B shows that GC patients with low TGF-β2 expression had a prolonged OS (median survival time 68.99 months) compared with that of patients with high TGF-β2 expression (median survival time 26.45 months, n=205, P=0.0409). These data showed that TGF-β may be a better prognostic marker than grading or tumor necrosis metastasis (TNM) staging (not significantly related to GC patient prognoses; Supplementary Figure 1A).