Lastly, in the case of group 10 (the majorities are ACB) compared to group 11 (mixed between ACB and ASW), corresponding discriminating genes are enriched for GWAS hits (obtained from the discriminatory SNPs with the maximum p value is 0.001) linked to obesity-related traits (GPC5, GPC6, MYO16, RBFOX1, SPAG16, ELOVL6, SGCD, DRD1, COL23A1, and ASTN2) as shown in Fig. 7c and Supplementary Fig. S11. This evidence concerns the gene ASTN2 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.