DMD and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4: Serum cytokines are a valid biomarker for dystrophin-deficient skeletal muscle in dystrophic mice, dogs, and human patient samples.54, 55, 56 We analyzed whole serum taken from each of the four experimental cohorts via a mouse cytokine array panel to determine whether known biomarkers of dystrophin deficiency were altered in the KPT-350-treated D2-mdx mice.