CD274 and carcinoma: The recent discovery and definition of the immune escape mechanism in carcinoma development suggested that the mechanism of immune escape leads to local rather than systemic immunosuppression.10, 30, 31 With the progressing study of the PD‐1‐mediated tumor escape mechanism and its successful application in the clinical treatment of tumors, the PD‐1/PD‐L1 pathway has been discovered to be a key adaptive immune escape mechanism of tumors.