TGFB1 and myeloid sarcoma: As anti-inflammatory cytokines, TGF-β1 is reduced in serum but increased in the cerebrospinal fluid in MS patients [65] and IGF-1 is detected in activated astrocytes in active MS lesions [66] even though the level of IGF-1 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid are not changed in MS patients [67].