PDCD1 and colorectal carcinoma: With regard to CRC, however, only modest clinical effects have been observed so far in patients treated with these new immunotherapy drugs (including anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies) [64], which instead proved to be highly effective in other human malignancies (including melanoma, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-small lung cell cancer).