AKT1 and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: In addition, chRCC has to activate mutations in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Protein Kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway [13], which would result in an appropriate target for an mTOR inhibitor.