Several therapeutic options exist to target adverse CD73/adenosine signaling: (i) avoid excess extracellular adenosine accumulation by inhibitory CD73 antibodies [74,313,322]; (ii) degrade excess adenosine by application of PEG-ADA [74] which is already successfully used since years in the treatment of ADA deficiency in patients [334]; (iii) impair pathologic actions of adenosine by inhibitors of disease-promoting ADORs [138], respectively. Here, ADA is linked to hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.