The increased levels of S100A4 in mutant SOD1 fibroblasts were concomitant with overexpression of both mTOR (Figure 7C) and NF-κB (Figure 7D) levels, suggesting an alteration of these pathways in peripheral ALS cells, such as fibroblasts from patients with SOD1 pathogenic variants. Here, NFKB1 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.