In addition, consistent with our expectation, after treated HBX‐positive HCC cells with CSF1‐1R and CD138 shRNAs, the activation of EKR and STAT3 and expression of c‐Myc and Bcl‐xl in HBX‐positive HCC cells stimulated by IL‐34 were significantly inhibited (Figure 7G‐J). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.