CRBN and breast carcinoma: To verify the functional role of CRBN in autophagy activation, we generated CRBN-knockout (CRBNKO) H1299 human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells and CRBNKO MCF7 breast cancer cells by using CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology (Figure 6A, CRBNKO H1299; Figure 6B, CRBNKO MCF7), as described in the Materials and Methods.