These results are consistent with previous studies that showed the suppressive effects of gallate-COS on COX-2 mRNA transcription and TNF-α protein expression in A549 human lung epithelial cells (Vo et al., 2017) and NF-κB mediated inflammatory related protein expression in CRC mice (Mattaveewong et al., 2016). Here, NFKB1 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.