TNF and nephrolithiasis: Fallahi, et al. found that nephrolithiasis patients had a higher BASMI score, while no association was found with the BASMI score by Lui, et al. Two large cohort studies reported that biologic therapy was a risk factor for nephrolithiasis (Lui et al., 2011; Jakobsen et al., 2014), but our study showed that TNF-α treatment was not significantly different between the nephrolithiasis and non-nephrolithiasis group, though TNF-α was more frequently used in the nephrolithiasis group.