Immunotherapy mainly includes targeting AML/ALL cell surface antigen (such as CD33, CD123, CLL-1 on AML and CD20, CD19, CD52 on ALL), relieving T/NK cell immunosuppression (such as PD1/PD-L1, CTLA4), using immunopotentiator (such as OX40 agonist) and adoptive cell therapy (such as CART), etc. This study focused on the naked monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), bispecific T cell engager (BiTE), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T/NK cell, immune checkpoint inhibitor/immune agonist, etc. An overview of immunotherapy targets for AML and ALL is shown in Figure 1. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.