Multiple studies performed in our lab in MDDCs and MDMs have identified that HIV completely inhibits the induction of all type I and type III IFNs (IFN-α, -β, -ε, -κ, -ω, -λ) up to 96 h post infection, with a corresponding lack of nuclear translocation of IRF-3 (117, 124, 168). The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is infection.