Given that IL17F induces chemokines and antimicrobial peptides in the lung, and considering the cross regulation of Th1 and Th17 responses during mycobacterial infections, we hypothesized that IL17F participates in the human immune response against Mtb. Therefore, in the present study, we used an in vitro human model of primary cell cultures to assess the production of IL17F by Mtb-Ag-stimulated PBMCs from HD and TB. The gene discussed is IL17F; the disease is tuberculosis.