Recently, abnormal expression of IL-32 has been linked to various inflammatory or autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (18–20), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (21), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (22), allergic rhinitis (23), Behcet's disease (24), psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (25). This evidence concerns the gene IL32 and systemic lupus erythematosus.