FBXO32 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Muscle-specific ubiquitin ligase muscle atrophy F-Box (MAFbx)/atrogin-1 and muscle ring-finger-1 (MuRF-1) are key enzymes of UPS, while PINK1, BNIP3, LC3B, ATG7, and Beclin1 are key effectors of ALS (Giron et al., 2015; Ninfali et al., 2018; Qiu et al., 2018).