In particular, they provide the GRB context for the intronic SNPs in ELP4 (a bystander gene, a target is PAX6) linked to aniridia; SNPs in the bystander LMBR (with target SHH a megabase away) causing preaxial polydactyly; again SOX4 being targeted by intronic SNPs in CDKAL1 and IRX3 being targeted by SNPs in introns of the FTO, both associated with type 2 diabetes; and implicate intergenic SNPs between two bystanders to be misregulating MEIS2, ultimately leading to myopia. This evidence concerns the gene IRX3 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.