HP and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: The expression profile of genes monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 (TNFR1), transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGFβ1), collagen type I alpha 1 chain (Colα1,) actin alpha 2 smooth muscle (αSMA), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (Timp1), and haptoglobin (Hp) associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were elevated in the livers of mice fed an HFD for 16 weeks compared with those from mice fed the control diet (Fig. 1e).