Quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) of cardiac muscle demonstrated that R848 decreased expression of Mafbx and Murf1, and autophagy-associated transcripts frequently upregulated in cardiac tissue during cachexia (Bnip3, Ctsl, Gabarapl) (Fig. 4f). The gene discussed is FBXO32; the disease is Cachexia.