In a recent study, thrombosis and infarction were more prominent after intraportal delivery of 2D-ADSC compared to the 3D-ADSC-delivered group [42], which may be due to higher expressions of thrombogenic proteins, including tissue factor (TF) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in 2D-ADSC compared to that of the 3D-ADSC. This evidence concerns the gene TF and infarction.