PCA can increase the antioxidant capacity of cells potentially by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT) in hypertensive rats or arthritis-model rats [31,32], superoxide dismutase (SOD) [33], and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in mice or macrophages [33,34,35,36], and thus attenuate lipid peroxidation. This evidence concerns the gene CAT and arthritic joint disease.