Syndromes associated with cleft palate include those arising from mutations in FGFR1-3; e.g. Apert syndrome (FGFR2), Muenke syndrome (FGFR3), Crouzon syndrome (FGFR2, FGFR3) and Hartsfield syndrome (FGFR1) [39]. This evidence concerns the gene FGFR2 and Apert syndrome.