High relative abundances of genus Bilophila, which showed a negative correlation with lipopolysaccharide [LPS]- or Candida albicans-induced TNF-α production (Biancheri and Watson, 2017), and Dehalobacterium, which is associated with a protective effect against atherosclerosis (Chan et al., 2016), were observed in DFE + L. fermentum KBL375-treated mice (Figures 6C–E). Here, TNF is linked to atherosclerosis.