Lm-ME suppressed the activation of TAK1 in both LPS/TLR4-activated macrophages (Figure 3(e)) and in HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis symptom (Figure 5(d)), so it is possible that the observed downregulation of IKKα/β resulted from both Src and TAK1 inhibition. Here, TLR4 is linked to gastritis.