Our results showed that hUC-MSC transplantation could inhibit the expression of proinflammatory factors (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β) and increase the expression of anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10) in local ovarian and uterine tissues in DHEA-induced mice, suggesting that hUC-MSCs could induce a proinflammatory state shift to an anti-inflammatory state, further alleviating the pathological changes and function on local ovarian and uterine tissue in PCOS mice. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.