In earlier studies, we employed human PDA xenografts that metastasized robustly, and found that pharmacologic blockade of mouse TGFβR2 with 2G8, a rat anti‐mouse TGFβR2 monoclonal antibody, resulted in striking reductions in metastatic spread (Ostapoff et al, 2014). This evidence concerns the gene TGFBR2 and Patent ductus arteriosus.