For example, the bacteria (such as legionellosis, pertussis, Helicobacter pylori) and virus (such as salmonella, influenza, measles, herpes simplex, hepatitis B/C, human T Lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I) infection pathways, chemokine signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, apoptosis signaling pathway, and jak-STAT signaling pathway were activated at the early stage (before 12 h), while the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling pathway, glutathione metabolism, protein digestion, and absorption signaling pathway were activated at the late stage (after 12 h). Here, SOAT1 is linked to influenza.