TGFB1 and cancer: Other biochemical markers such as lysophosphatidic acid, human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), inhibins (which are members of TGF-β subfamily), Mesothelin (associated with migration and metastasis) (Huang et al., 2006), Osteopontin, and YKL-40 have been reported to be elevated in sera of patients with OC amongst various studies, which could be of diagnostic significance for improved cancer detection, most likely in various combination with one another and /or with CA125 (Rosenthal et al., 2006; Moore et al., 2010).