The expression profiles of anti- and pro-inflammatory genes and those related to the metabolic reprograming following the inflammatory response were detected in vitro after CX3CL1 stimulation of microglial primary cultures and in vivo after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in mice, in the presence of CX3CL1, to confirm the in vitro data and also to verify a possible role of CX3CL1 in modulating microglia polarization state upon ischemia development. The gene discussed is CX3CL1; the disease is ischemia.