The interrelationship among cytosolic phospholipase A2-α andTGF-ß signaling pathways has been reported in primaryhepatocytes of rats and human HCC; thus cytosolicphospholipase A2-α is an important factor regulatingTGF-ß signaling pathway and controlling proliferationof hepatocytes and hepatocarcinogenesis (15).Cytosolic phospholipase A2-α regulates biosynthesis ofprostaglandins through arachidonic acid cleavage, frommembrane phospholipids (12), through cyclooxigenase(COX) (16). The gene discussed is PLA2G4A; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.