A number of alternative mechanisms have been suggested for the anti-cancer effects of TH588 including lipophilicity-related effects, isoform-specific MTH1 targeting, tubulin depolymerization, oxidative damage, and downregulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR axis5,6,11–14, but the question remains unresolved12,15. The gene discussed is NUDT1; the disease is cancer.