Within 12 months, the time interval between collection of these samples, the prostate adenocarcinoma transdifferentiated to a treatment-emergent small-cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-SCNC)32, which was accompanied by a decrease of PSA (prostate-specific antigen) and an increase of NSE (neuron-specific enolase)33. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate adenocarcinoma.