To examine whether VACV-driven expression of ccl4 could rescue recruitment of inflammatory monocytes, we infected IFNαR-/- mice with VACV-CCL4 or a control VACV that did not express ccl4. Five days after infection we assayed the recruitment of CD11b+ LyChi Ly6G- CD64+ inflammatory monocytes or tissue protective Ly6G+ myeloid cells in the infected ear. Here, IFNAR1 is linked to infection.