KRAS and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Sometimes, despite strong preclinical evidence, some drugs do not succeed in clinical trials.29 One such trial was SELECT-1 (Supplementary Table S1), which compared the efficacy of combining selumetinib and docetaxel to docetaxel alone in patients with advanced KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).30 Although there were KRAS mutant cell lines sensitive to selumetinib in preclinical testing,31 we re-examined the pharmacological data with SEABED to assess whether there were distinct subpopulations that justified the patient selection criteria for KRAS mutation.