Plasma cystatin C (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.01–4.35) and urine NGAL (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05) but not [TIMP-2]·[IGFBP7] at the time of admission were found to be independent predictors of AKI in multivariate analysis after adjusting for clinical variables including age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and diuretic use (Table 2). Here, CST3 is linked to diabetes mellitus.