Therefore, in this study, we tested the usefulness of plasma cystatin C, urine neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), urine tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) as early independent predictors of AKI development and outcome in decompensated cirrhotic patients. This evidence concerns the gene CST3 and acute kidney injury.